كويز تفاعلي: Nuclear Physics: MCQ Objective Questions

A

Alpha particles ($∝$)

B

Beta particles (β)

C

Gamma rays (γ)

D

Neutrons

A

Alpha: -1, Beta: +2, Gamma: 0

B

Alpha: +2, Beta: -1, Gamma: 0

C

Alpha: 0, Beta: +1, Gamma: -2

D

Alpha: +1, Beta: 0, Gamma: +2

A

A increases by 4, Z increases by 2.

B

A decreases by 4, Z decreases by 2.

C

A remains the same, Z increases by 1.

D

A decreases by 2, Z remains the same.

A

A proton changes into a neutron.

B

A neutron changes into a proton.

C

The nucleus splits into two equal parts.

D

A photon is converted into mass.

A

It results in a change of the element's identity.

B

It emits a particle with a mass of 4 u.

C

It involves a redistribution of energy within the nucleus without changing A or Z.

D

It occurs only in nuclei with less than 100 nucleons.

A

Alpha particle: Helium nucleus (^4₂He)

B

Beta particle: High-energy photon

C

Gamma ray: Fast-moving positron

D

Alpha particle: Lone electron

A

Because it has no mass.

B

Because it is large and has a charge, causing it to interact strongly with matter and lose energy quickly.

C

Because it travels at the speed of light.

D

Because it is not affected by electric fields.

A

The total charge on the right side must be greater than the left.

B

The total charge is only conserved if gamma radiation is emitted.

C

The sum of the subscripts (atomic numbers, Z) on the \left side must equal the sum of the subscripts on the \right side.

D

The number of neutrons must always equal the number of protons.

A

88 = 86 + 2

B

226 = 222 + 4

C

88 - 86 = 226 - 222

D

88 + 226 = 86 + 222

A

82 = 83 + 1

B

82 = 83 + (-1) + 0

C

209 = 209 + 0

D

82 = 83 - 209

A

An alpha particle (^4₂He)

B

A beta particle (^0_-1e)

C

A proton (^1₁H)

D

A neutron (^1₀n)

A

Z = 5 (Boron)

B

Z = 6 (Carbon)

C

Z = 8 (Oxygen)

D

Z = 7 (Nitrogen)

A

A = 18, Z = 9

B

A = 17, Z = 8

C

A = 17, Z = 9

D

A = 18, Z = 8

A

Nitrogen

B

Fluorine

C

Oxygen

D

Carbon

A

1/2

B

1/4

C

1/8

D

1/16

A

0.50 g

B

0.25 g

C

0.125 g

D

0.00 g

A

1 imes 10⁶ Bq

B

5 imes 10⁵ Bq

C

2.5 imes 10⁵ Bq

D

4 imes 10⁶ Bq

A

Half the time it takes for the entire sample to decay.

B

The time required for half of the atoms in any given quantity of the isotope to decay.

C

The time it takes for the atomic number to double.

D

The total lifespan of a radioactive nucleus.

A

Nuclear fission

B

Nuclear fusion

C

Beta decay

D

Electron capture

A

The emission of alpha particles that hit other nuclei.

B

The neutrons released during one fission event trigger further fissions in neighboring nuclei.

C

The high temperature of the surroundings causes the nuclei to melt together.

D

The absorption of gamma rays by the fuel rods.

A

To slow down fast neutrons.

B

To act as the primary fuel source.

C

To absorb neutrons and control the rate of the chain reaction.

D

To reflect neutrons back into the core.

A

A large nucleus splits into smaller parts.

B

Nuclei with small masses combine to form a nucleus with a larger mass.

C

Protons are converted into electrons.

D

An atom loses all of its orbital electrons.

A

To increase the mass of the hydrogen atoms.

B

To provide the nuclei with enough kinetic energy to overcome the massive electrical repulsion between them.

C

To prevent the neutrons from escaping the Sun's gravity.

D

To convert the helium back into hydrogen.