كويز تفاعلي: Atomic Physics and Spectral Analysis Quiz

A

The uncertainty in its momentum decreases.

B

The uncertainty in its momentum increases.

C

The momentum becomes exactly zero.

D

The particle's velocity becomes constant.

A

Positive charge is spread evenly like 'raisins in a muffin'.

B

All of an atom's positive charge and most of its mass are concentrated in a tiny nucleus.

C

Electrons are located at the very center of the atom.

D

Atoms are solid, indivisible spheres.

A

They are tiny, negatively charged electrons moving at low speeds.

B

They are neutral particles with no charge and high mass.

C

They are massive, positively charged particles that move at high speeds.

D

They are high-energy photons (gamma radiation) with no mass.

A

Because gold is the only element that can reflect alpha particles.

B

To ensure that the alpha particles would interact with as few atoms as possible, ideally passing through a single layer.

C

Because gold is radioactive and emits its own alpha particles.

D

To absorb all the alpha particles and measure the heat generated.

A

The atom is composed mostly of empty space.

B

The atom is a solid sphere of positive charge.

C

The electrons are the most massive part of the atom.

D

The nucleus is much larger than the overall atom.

A

Less than 10%

B

Approximately 50%

C

Exactly 75%

D

More than 99.9%

A

Because every gas glows with the same color when heated.

B

Because the spectrum consists of a continuous band of all colors.

C

Because each element produces a unique pattern of distinct wavelengths (lines).

D

Because the intensity of the light is the same for all elements.

A

By looking at the overall brightness of the light.

B

By comparing the positions and relative intensities of the lines to the spectra of known gases.

C

By counting the total number of lines regardless of their color.

D

Elements cannot be identified if they are mixed together.

A

Solids produce discrete lines, while gases produce continuous bands.

B

Solids produce a continuous band of colors, while gases produce a set of discrete lines.

C

They both produce identical patterns of light.

D

Solids do not produce any spectra, only gases do.

A

A series of bright colored lines against a black background.

B

A continuous spectrum of all colors crossed by specific dark lines.

C

A completely dark image with no visible radiation.

D

A pattern of light produced only by high-voltage solids.

A

It can only identify the weight of the material.

B

It requires a very large sample of the metal to work.

C

The exact composition of a sample can be determined in minutes through spectral analysis.

D

It converts the metal into a gaseous state permanently.

A

The gas reflects all incoming light.

B

The gas increases the frequency of the light.

C

The atoms in the gas absorb specific wavelengths of the incident white light.

D

The spectroscope is unable to detect those specific colors.

A

The atom's energy decreases.

B

The atom's energy increases by an amount equal to the photon's energy.

C

The atom's energy remains constant, but its mass increases.

D

The atom's energy becomes zero.

A

Transition from E₃ to E₂ ($\lambda_3$)

B

Transition from E₃ to E₁ ($\lambda_2$)

C

Transition from E₃ to E₁ ($\lambda_1$)

D

All transitions produce the same frequency.

A

15.49 eV

B

2.15 eV

C

1.32 eV

D

0.75 eV

A

Because the nucleus repels it.

B

Because it moves too fast to be caught.

C

Because atomic energy levels are quantized, meaning only specific energy values are allowed.

D

Because gravity only works at specific heights.

A

Electrons are embedded in a uniform sphere of positive charge.

B

The atom is a solid sphere with no internal empty space.

C

A small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons.

D

Protons and neutrons are distributed evenly throughout the entire volume of the atom.

A

Because the nucleus is made of the same material as the Sun.

B

Because electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths, similar to how planets orbit the Sun.

C

Because the forces involved are purely gravitational.

D

Because the atom is the same size as a solar system on a microscopic scale.

A

The positive nucleus would eventually push the electrons away.

B

Accelerating electrons should radiate energy and spiral into the nucleus within a fraction of a second.

C

The electrons would collide with each other and fly out of the atom.

D

The nucleus would grow too large and explode.

A

It cannot explain mass or charge.

B

It predicts that atoms are unstable and should radiate at all wavelengths.

C

It assumes electrons have no mass and the nucleus is neutral.

D

It contradicts the existence of neutrons and protons.

A

-13.6 eV

B

-3.40 eV

C

-1.51 eV

D

-0.85 eV

A

0.106 nm

B

0.212 nm

C

0.477 nm

D

0.848 nm

A

10.2 eV

B

1.89 eV

C

0.66 eV

D

12.1 eV

A

Lyman series

B

Balmer series

C

Paschen series

D

Pfund series

A

n = 1

B

n = 2

C

n = 3

D

$n = \infty$

A

X-rays

B

Visible light

C

Ultraviolet light

D

Infrared radiation

A

Lyman: n = 2, Visible

B

Paschen: n = 1, UV

C

Balmer: n = 2, Visible

D

Lyman: n = 3, Infrared

A

3.40 eV

B

10.2 eV

C

13.6 eV

D

17.0 eV

A

254 nm

B

436 nm

C

578 nm

D

656 nm