اختبار اختيار من متعدد تفاعلي: Grade 12 Advanced English - End of Term 3 Practice - Grammar Activity 2
More challenging questions covering all Grade 12 Advanced grammar points in varied contexts.
Environmental scientists have warned that if drastic measures __________ immediately...
A
are not taken
B
will not be taken
C
are not taken
Explanation
In conditional type 1 (if + present, future), we use the present tense in the if-clause. Passive is needed: 'measures are not taken'.
...the consequences __________ irreversible by 2050.
A
will have become
B
will become
C
would become
Explanation
Future Perfect: 'By 2050' indicates completion before a future point.
"By the time our children reach adulthood, they __________ with the effects for decades."
A
will live
B
will have been living
C
will be living
Explanation
Future Perfect Continuous: 'By the time' + 'for decades' emphasizes the duration of an ongoing action up to a future point.
The report, __________ by over 200 researchers, suggests...
A
which compiled
B
that was compiling
C
which was compiled
Explanation
Relative Clause + Passive: 'Which was compiled' is used because the report was compiled by researchers (passive action).
...renewable energy __________ to replace fossil fuels much sooner.
A
needs
B
needs to be used
C
is needing to use
Explanation
Modal Passive: 'Needs to be used' is the passive form required here because energy is the receiver of the action.
Critics argue that such transitions __________ without causing economic disruption.
A
cannot be made
B
must not make
C
could not make
Explanation
Modal Passive: 'Cannot be made' expresses impossibility in the passive voice (transitions don't make themselves).
Dr. Martinez insisted that governments __________ stricter regulations.
A
must introduce
B
introduced
C
introduce
Explanation
Subjunctive Mood: After 'insist', we use the base form of the verb without 'to' or '-s'.
She asked, "__________ we afford to ignore the warning signs any longer?"
Explanation
Modal of Possibility/Ability: 'Can we afford' is the natural question form for this context.
Her colleague, __________ at the research institute, added...
A
who works
B
which works
C
whom works
Explanation
Relative Clause: 'Who works' refers to a person (colleague) and acts as the subject of the relative clause.
...public awareness __________ dramatically in recent years.
A
increased
B
was increasing
C
has increased
Explanation
Present Perfect: 'In recent years' indicates an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
"If we __________ action twenty years ago, we __________ in this crisis now."
A
took / wouldn't be
B
had taken / wouldn't be
C
took / wouldn't have been
Explanation
Mixed Conditional: Past perfect in the if-clause (past condition) + would in the main clause (present result).
The technologies __________ today __________ far __________ than those in the 1990s.
A
being developed / are / more advanced
B
developing / are / advanced
C
developed / were / more advanced
Explanation
Present Participle Passive + Comparative: 'Being developed' is a reduced relative clause; 'more advanced' is the correct comparative form.
It __________ that by 2040, sea levels __________ by at least 30 centimeters.
A
is predicted / will rise
B
predicts / will have risen
C
is predicted / will have risen
Explanation
Passive + Future Perfect: 'It is predicted' (passive) + 'will have risen' (completion by a future date).
Coastal cities __________ to implement flood defenses immediately.
A
must
B
must be forced
C
must force
Explanation
Modal Passive: 'Must be forced' is needed because the cities are receiving the action.
The question __________ is whether political will __________ to match scientific urgency.
A
that remains / can be found
B
remaining / will find
C
remains / is finding
Explanation
Relative Clause + Modal Passive: 'That remains' defines the subject, and 'can be found' is the passive modal form.
Dr. Martinez wondered __________ future generations __________ her generation.
A
that / will judge
B
if / judged
C
whether / would judge
Explanation
Reported Question: 'Wondered whether' is used with a backshifted verb ('would judge' from 'will judge').
She emphasized that solutions __________ at the local level before __________ globally.
A
must find / implementing
B
must be found / being implemented
C
must find / being implemented
Explanation
Modal Passive + Gerund Passive: 'Must be found' and 'being implemented' are both passive as solutions are the receivers.
The summit concluded that the time for debate __________; action must begin now.
A
has passed
B
passed
C
had passed
Explanation
Present Perfect: 'Has passed' connects a past event to the current situation.
The measures __________ so far __________ insufficient to address the scale of the problem.
A
taken / proved
B
taking / proving
C
that have been taken / have proved
Explanation
Present Perfect Passive + Present Perfect: Used to describe actions that happened 'so far' up to the present.
If emissions __________ at the current rate, temperatures __________ by 3 degrees by 2100.
A
continue / will rise
B
are continued / will have risen
C
continued / would rise
Explanation
Conditional Type 1 + Future Perfect: 'Are continued' (passive present) + 'will have risen' (future completion).
The researchers __________ for over a decade by the time the final report __________.
A
will have been working / is published
B
will work / will be published
C
have worked / was published
Explanation
Future Perfect Continuous + Present Passive: Describes duration up to a point in the future (by the time).
It was announced that funding __________ to those projects __________ the greatest potential.
A
would allocate / that had
B
will be allocated / which have
C
would be allocated / that had
Explanation
Reported Speech: Backshifting from 'will' to 'would' and 'have' to 'had' is required.
The delegates demanded that the agreement __________ before the end of the summit.
A
must be signed
B
be signed
C
was signed
Explanation
Subjunctive Mood: After the verb 'demand', use the base form of the verb (subjunctive passive: be signed).
By next year, renewable energy sources __________ for nearly 40% of global power generation.
A
will have been accounting
B
will account
C
are accounting
Explanation
Future Perfect Continuous: 'By next year' combined with an ongoing process requires this tense for duration.
The scientist claimed that the data __________ and that further research __________.
A
was manipulated / is needed
B
had been manipulated / was needed
C
had been manipulated / was needed
Explanation
Past Perfect Passive + Past Passive: In reported speech, 'had been manipulated' (earlier action) and 'was needed' are correct.
