Vaccinations _________ to millions of people next year.
A
will give
B
will be given
C
are giving
Explanation
The passive voice 'will be given' is used because the subject (vaccinations) receives the action, and the sentence refers to the future.
The heart _________ into four chambers.
A
divides
B
is divided
C
divided
Explanation
The present simple passive 'is divided' describes a general fact or structural characteristic.
By the time the outbreak was detected, many people _________.
A
infected
B
had been infected
C
have infected
Explanation
The past perfect passive 'had been infected' is used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past (detection).
The disease _________ easily from person to person.
A
transmits
B
is transmitted
C
transmitted
Explanation
The present simple passive 'is transmitted' is used to describe how a disease spreads as a general fact.
The new hospital _________ in Dubai right now.
A
builds
B
is being built
C
built
Explanation
The present continuous passive 'is being built' is used for an action in progress at the moment of speaking.
The results of the study _________ yet.
A
haven't been released
B
haven't released
C
didn't release
Explanation
The present perfect passive 'haven't been released' is used with 'yet' to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
This medicine should _________ three times a day.
Explanation
After a modal verb like 'should', the passive form is 'be' + past participle.
The patient _________ to the ICU after his condition worsened.
A
rushed
B
was rushed
C
has rushed
Explanation
The past simple passive 'was rushed' is used for a completed action in the past.
It _________ that stress causes heart disease.
A
believes
B
is believed
C
believed
Explanation
This is a formal passive reporting structure used to express general beliefs.
The doctor said, "You need to rest." → The doctor said that I _________ to rest.
A
need
B
needed
C
have needed
Explanation
In reported speech, a present simple verb ('need') shifts back to the past simple ('needed').
She asked, "Have you taken your medicine?" → She asked if I _________ my medicine.
A
have taken
B
had taken
C
took
Explanation
In reported speech, the present perfect ('have taken') shifts back to the past perfect ('had taken').
He told me, "I will call you tomorrow." → He told me that he _________ call me the next day.
Explanation
In reported speech, 'will' shifts back to 'would'.
The therapist advised, "Don't ignore your feelings." → The therapist advised me _________ ignore my feelings.
A
don't
B
not to
C
didn't
Explanation
Reported negative imperatives (Don't...) are changed into the infinitive structure 'not to' + verb.
She said, "I have been feeling anxious." → She said that she _________ anxious.
A
has been feeling
B
had been feeling
C
was feeling
Explanation
In reported speech, the present perfect continuous ('have been feeling') shifts back to the past perfect continuous ('had been feeling').
He asked, "Where is the pharmacy?" → He asked where _________.
A
is the pharmacy
B
the pharmacy was
C
was the pharmacy
Explanation
In reported questions, the word order changes from question form to statement form (subject + verb).
The nurse said, "The doctor will see you now." → The nurse said that the doctor _________ see me then.
Explanation
In reported speech, 'will' shifts to 'would' and 'now' shifts to 'then'.
My father said, "You should follow your heart." → My father said that I _________ follow my heart.
Explanation
The modal verb 'should' does not shift back in reported speech.
She wondered, "Can the virus be transmitted through air?" → She wondered if the virus _________ through air.
A
can be transmitted
B
could be transmitted
C
is transmitted
Explanation
In reported speech, 'can' shifts back to 'could'.
He exclaimed, "I have a change of heart!" → He exclaimed that he _________ a change of heart.
Explanation
The present tense 'have' shifts back to the past tense 'had' in reported speech.
The doctor _________ treated my grandmother is a neurologist.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'who' is used for people as the subject of the clause.
The hospital, _________ was built in 2020, has a great ICU.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'which' is used for non-restrictive clauses describing things (the hospital).
That's the clinic _________ I used to work.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'where' is used to refer to a place (the clinic).
The patient, _________ symptoms were unusual, was quarantined.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to indicate possession (the symptoms belonging to the patient).
The reason _________ he took it to heart is personal.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'why' is used after the noun 'reason'.
Sunday is the day _________ most clinics are closed.
Explanation
The relative pronoun 'when' is used to refer to a time (the day).
The vaccine, _________ was developed in record time, saved millions.
Explanation
'Which' is used for things in non-restrictive relative clauses.
Is that the pharmacist _________ you were talking about?
Explanation
In formal English, 'whom' is used as the object of a verb or preposition (about whom you were talking).
The orthodontist, _________ clinic is downtown, is very experienced.
Explanation
'Whose' indicates possession (the clinic of the orthodontist).
Everything _________ he said during the heart-to-heart talk was honest.
Explanation
After indefinite pronouns like 'everything', 'all', or 'nothing', 'that' is preferred over 'which'.
He wanted to follow his heart, _________ he was afraid of failing.
Explanation
The conjunction 'but' is used to show contrast between his desire and his fear.
