اختبار اختيار من متعدد تفاعلي: Solving Polynomial Equation, The Remainder and Factor - Reveal
Polynomial equations are fundamental in algebra, involving terms with variables raised to non-negative integer powers. Understanding how to find remainders and determine factors is crucial for solving higher-degree equations. The Remainder Theorem states that the remainder of the division of a polynomial \(f(x)\) by a linear factor \((x - c)\) is simply \(f(c)\). Building on this, the Factor Theorem provides that if \(f(c) = 0\), then \((x - c)\) is a factor of the polynomial. Techniques such as synthetic division and factoring special patterns, like the difference of cubes or grouping, are essential tools for students to master when working with complex algebraic expressions.
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What is the remainder when a3 - 4 is divided by a + 2?
Explanation
According to the Remainder Theorem, the remainder of dividing f(a) = a3 - 4 by a + 2 is f(-2). Calculating: (-2)3 - 4 = -8 - 4 = -12.
Question 2
Points: 1
Which binomial is a factor of f(x) = x3 + x2 - 24x + 36?
Explanation
Using the Factor Theorem, we check which value makes f(x) = 0. For x + 6, we check f(-6): (-6)3 + (-6)2 - 24(-6) + 36 = -216 + 36 + 144 + 36 = 0. Since f(-6) = 0, x + 6 is a factor.
Question 3
Points: 1
if f(x) = 3x2 - 9x - 20, find the value of f(5) using synthetic division.
Explanation
Using the Remainder Theorem, f(5) is the remainder of 3x2 - 9x - 20 divided by x - 5. Calculating directly: 3(5)2 - 9(5) - 20 = 3(25) - 45 - 20 = 75 - 45 - 20 = 10.
Question 4
Points: 1
What are the three factors for \((x^3 + 7x^2 + 7x - 15) \div (x - 1)\)?
Explanation
First, divide x3 + 7x2 + 7x - 15 by x - 1 using synthetic division to get x2 + 8x + 15. Then factor the quadratic: x2 + 8x + 15 = (x + 5)(x + 3). Thus, the three factors are (x - 1)(x + 5)(x + 3).
Question 5
Points: 1
Factor this difference of cubes: x3 - 343
Explanation
The formula for the difference of cubes is a3 - b3 = (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2). Here, a = x and b = 7 (since 73 = 343). Applying the formula gives (x - 7)(x2 + 7x + 49).
Question 6
Points: 1
If the polynomial x2 - 5x + 9 is divided by (x - 3), then the remainder is
Explanation
By the Remainder Theorem, the remainder of dividing f(x) = x2 - 5x + 9 by x - 3 is f(3). Calculating: 32 - 5(3) + 9 = 9 - 15 + 9 = 3.
Question 7
Points: 1
If f(x) = 5x3 - 3x2 + 1, then the value of \(f\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)\) is
Simplify the expression: \(\frac{x^2 + 2x - 63}{x + 9}\)
Explanation
Factor the numerator: x2 + 2x - 63 = (x + 9)(x - 7). Dividing by (x + 9) leaves x - 7.
Question 9
Points: 1
Divide using synthetic division: (n2 + 10n + 18) by (n + 5)
Explanation
Using synthetic division with root -5 and coefficients [1, 10, 18]: The first coefficient 1 drops down. -5 × 1 = -5. 10 + (-5) = 5. -5 × 5 = -25. 18 + (-25) = -7. The quotient is n + 5 and the remainder is -7.
Question 10
Points: 1
Factor: 2x3 + 54
Explanation
First, factor out the GCF, which is 2: 2(x3 + 27). Then, use the sum of cubes formula a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2) for x3 + 33, which gives 2(x + 3)(x2 - 3x + 9).
Question 11
Points: 1
Factor and solve: 3n3 - 4n2 + 9n = 12
Explanation
Rearrange to 3n3 - 4n2 + 9n - 12 = 0. Factor by grouping: n2(3n - 4) + 3(3n - 4) = 0, which leads to (n2 + 3)(3n - 4) = 0. Solving gives \(n = \frac{4}{3}\) and \(n^2 = -3 \Rightarrow n = \pm i\sqrt{3}\).
Question 12
Points: 1
Solve the inequality: \(x + 5 \leq 13\)
Explanation
Subtract 5 from both sides of the inequality: \(x \leq 13 - 5\), which results in \(x \leq 8\).
Question 13
Points: 1
Is (x - 4) a factor of (x3 + x2 - 16x - 16)?
Explanation
Using the Factor Theorem, check f(4): (4)3 + (4)2 - 16(4) - 16 = 64 + 16 - 64 - 16 = 0. Since the remainder is 0, x - 4 is a factor.
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